Unsafe page
No framing protection. Build the overlay and prove the click lands.
Frame the target, borrow the victim's clicks. One page here is protected and one is not - diff the headers.
Nothing here is a coding mistake. A wildcard CORS origin, a CSP with unsafe-inline, a Host header the app trusts, an open redirect - each is a setting that someone chose, and each one is a lever for a bigger bug rather than a finding on its own.
No framing protection. Build the overlay and prove the click lands.
The same page done right. Compare the response headers.